In the UK, too much emphasis is given to the scientific and academic elements of the innovation landscape. This may be why much of our county's R&D is forever destined to remain on the shelves of the inventors.
The Dutch multinational AkzoNobel has three major business arms - decorative paints, performance coatings and speciality chemicals. In 2008, when the company acquired ICI's coatings activities, it added its decorative business, which included the familiar Dulux brand.
During the 1960s to 1980s, ICI personnel were responsible for major innovations in chemical process safety, which ultimately affected the safety culture in all sections of the chemical industry.
As one of Philadelphia's most famous residents, Benjamin Franklin, once expressed it: An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest. However, innovation also brings to mind another of his quotations: Energy and persistence conquer all.
When he was invited to consider Covance's loss-making contract R&D company in Northumberland, Ian Shott wasn't keen. However, visiting the site with business partner Paul Ryan changed his mind. Shott took the helm of the newly renamed Arcinova in February 2016 with big plans for sales of £20m/year by 2020.
Crowdfunding has become a familiar route to market for innovative products. It's simple have a great idea, and offer to give your product, once it's ready, to people who chip in to fund its development and manufacture.